Neurology & Neurosurgery – Ay Health Medical Services Company

Parkinson

Adminayh — Fri, 15 Jan 2021 18:18:35 +0000

Parkinson

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects the movement of organs. Symptoms begin gradually, sometimes with just a tremor barely visible. Vibration is common.

In the early stages of Parkinson’s disease, your face may have little or no expression. Your hands may not swing while walking. The symptoms of Parkinson’s disease get worse as your condition progresses over time.

Although Parkinson’s disease is incurable, medications may significantly improve your symptoms. Sometimes, your doctor may suggest surgery to adjust certain areas of the brain and improve your symptoms.

signs

Signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease can be different for everyone. Early symptoms may be mild and go unnoticed. Symptoms often start on one side of your body and usually get worse on the other side even after the onset of symptoms on both sides.

Parkinson’s symptoms:

Trembling Trembling or trembling usually starts in one limb, often your hands or fingers. You may rub your thumb and forefinger back and forth, which is known as shaking the pill. Your hand may shake a lot when resting.

Loss of automatic movements. You may be able to make unconscious movements, such as blinking, smiling, or swinging your arms as you walk.

reasons

In Parkinson’s disease, certain nerve cells (nerve cells) in the brain gradually break down or die. Many of the symptoms are due to the loss of nerve cells that a chemical messenger in your brain produces called dopamine. When dopamine levels drop, it causes abnormal brain activity, leading to movement disorders and other symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

The cause of Parkinson’s disease is unknown, but the following symptoms have been reported as part of the information:

Genes Researchers have identified specific genetic mutations that can cause Parkinson’s disease. But these are uncommon, except in rare cases with many family members with Parkinson’s disease.

risk factors

Risk factors for Parkinson’s disease include:

Age :

Young adults rarely experience Parkinson’s disease. It usually starts in mid or late life and increases with age. People usually get the disease around the age of 60 or older.

Inheritance:

Having close relatives with Parkinson’s disease increases the risk of developing the disease. However, your risks are still small, unless you have many relatives with Parkinson’s disease in your family.

Complications:

Parkinson’s disease is often associated with these additional problems, which may be treatable:

Problems with your thinking You may experience cognitive problems (dementia) and mental problems. These cases usually occur in the later stages of Parkinson’s disease. Such cognitive problems do not respond well to medications.

Swallowing problems As the condition progresses, you may have difficulty swallowing. Saliva may accumulate in your mouth due to slow swallowing, leading to water loss.

Chewing and eating problems. In the later stages, Parkinson’s disease affects the muscles of your mouth and makes chewing difficult. This can lead to suffocation and poor nutrition.

Sleep problems and sleep disorders. People with Parkinson’s often have trouble sleeping, including waking up frequently at night, waking up early, or going to bed during the day.

People may also experience sleep-disordered behavior, which includes making your dreams come true. Medications may help your sleep problems.

Bladder problems. Parkinson’s disease can cause bladder problems, including inability to control urination or difficulty urinating.

Constipation. Many people with Parkinson’s disease develop constipation, the main cause of which is a slowing down of the gastrointestinal tract.

Also, the following factors may have happened in some cases?

Blood pressure changes. You may feel dizzy or light-headed while standing due to a sudden drop in blood pressure (orthostatic hypotension).

Fatigue. Many people with Parkinson’s disease, especially late in the day, lose energy and experience fatigue. The cause is not always clear.

Diagnosis

There are no specific tests to diagnose Parkinson’s disease. Your doctor, who is trained under a nervous system condition (neurologist), diagnoses Parkinson’s disease based on your medical history, examining your signs and symptoms, and a neurological and physical examination.

Your doctor may recommend a special single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan called a dopamine transporter scan (DaTscan). Although this can help with the suspicion of Parkinson’s disease, it is the symptoms and the neurological examination that ultimately determine the correct diagnosis. Most people do not need DaTscan.

Imaging tests – such as MRI, brain ultrasound, and PET scans – may also be used to help rule out other disorders. Imaging tests are not helpful in diagnosing Parkinson’s disease.

Sometimes it takes time to diagnose Parkinson’s disease. Doctors may have regular follow-up appointments with trained neurologists to assess your condition and symptoms to review and diagnose Parkinson’s disease.

Surgical procedures

Deep brain stimulation.

In deep brain stimulation (DBS), surgeons implant electrodes in a specific part of your brain. The electrodes are attached to a generator implanted in your chest near your collarbone, which sends electrical pulses to your brain.

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Brain Tumor

Adminayh — Wed, 13 Jan 2021 19:14:29 +0000

What is a brain tumor?

A “tumor” is the body’s own cells that grow out of control and multiply rapidly, usually forming a mass that is constantly growing. It puts pressure on healthy tissue, in which case it is likely to be “benign” or penetrates the surrounding tissue, draws blood supply to healthy tissue, and sometimes detaches and attacks other parts of the body, which it attacks. It is called “metastasis” and occurs in the case of “malignant” tumors. In fact, what makes a tumor malignant and more dangerous is its rapid proliferation and metastasis.

Symptoms of a brain tumor

The most common symptom of a brain tumor is a headache. But more than 90 percent of people who have significant headaches in their lifetime do not have a brain tumor, This means that not every headache is a concern. So be aware of the warning signs for headaches that are considered dangerous. Morning headache, along with nausea and vomiting and blurred vision that gets better during the day and gradually gets worse over the days and weeks, is a worrying headache and should be closely monitored.

The presence of other symptoms, which are mentioned below, increases the importance of this type of headache. On the other hand, headaches that start in the evening are more severe on weekdays and stressful and exhausting days, have been persistent for months and do not get worse and improve with sleep and rest are unlikely to be secondary to brain tumors. Another important point is the exacerbation to deformity of chronic headaches; This means that if the disease has a migraine headache and in recent weeks, the location of the pain, its severity or the causative agents have changed and is getting worse, it must be checked.

The most common brain tumors

Meningioma
Gliomas and glioblastomas
Pituitary adenoma
Schwannoma norinum
Cerebral metastasis

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Lumbar spinal canal stenosis

Adminayh — Tue, 12 Jan 2021 20:13:01 +0000

Lumbar spinal canal stenosis:

For various reasons, this canal may narrow and put pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots. For various reasons, this canal may narrow and put pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots. The most common part of the spine that has this problem is the lumbar region.

What causes lumbar stenosis?

Lumbar stenosis is actually part of the aging process of the spine and usually manifests itself in the age of over 60, in some milder and in some more severe .Over time, bone growths gradually form around the joints of the spine and the edges of the spinal canal. and the ligaments lose their flexibility and increase in size. thus narrowing and narrowing the spinal space by protruding into the spinal canal. they do.

There is a kind of congenital lumbar stenosis that the shape and structure of the vertebrae is such that it limits the space of the spinal canal. These people usually do not realize this at a young age, but with the onset of middle age and when the aging process of the spine begins. and in fact at a younger age than other people show symptoms of the disease.

What are the symptoms of lumbar stenosis?

Naturally, the aging process of the spine will be accompanied by pain in the lower back. This pain is exacerbated by activity and walking. Gradually, with the creation of stenosis, a sign called “lameness” shows itself. In this way, after walking for a distance, the patient feels pain, numbness, tingling or weakness in the legs and can no longer continue on his path unless he sits and rests for a while until the so-called “legs are released”.

In addition to resting, sometimes bending forward creates a feeling of relief from foot pain, and patients with canal stenosis tend to stand up after a short walk and lean forward. The important thing is that in most patients these symptoms are progressive. This means that if they need to rest now after a quarter of a walk, six months ago they could have walked for half an hour non-stop. and in the following months they will probably have to find a place to sit after ten minutes.

Another symptom seen in some patients with lumbar stenosis is sciatica. Sciatica is not really a specific disease, but a type of symptom and pain in which the pain starts in the lower back or buttocks and extends to the back of the thighs and knees and then the legs and ankles. Sciatica usually develops or increases in these patients with activity and walking.

In the advanced stages of the disease, back pain, leg pain and tingling in the legs are almost always present and the patient is unable to move or walk and may even lead to urinary and fecal incontinence and paralysis – or so-called “paralysis” – of the legs. To be

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