New discovery of scientists about lung cancer

Together, the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC), the Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM) and St. Mary’s Hospital Center (SMHC) have contributed to an international clinical trial that will change the way we treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)—the most common form of lung cancer. In this trial, an immunotherapy drug called pembrolizumab (KEYTRUDA®), used in conjunction with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (i.e., given before surgery) and then again after surgery, has been shown to slow cancer progression and recurrence and to reduce the presence of residual tumours in patients with early-stage operable NSCLC. In the experimental group, three out of five patients remained stable for two years (without cancer progression or recurrence), compared with two out of five in the control group, an improvement of around 50 per cent.

The interim analysis of this randomized, double-blind, Phase III clinical trial was recently presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2023 Annual Meeting in Chicago and published in The New England Journal of Medicine.

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Cervical cancer is the growth of abnormal cells in the lining of the cervix. The most common cervical cancer is squamous cell carcinoma, accounting for 70% of cases. Adenocarcinoma is less common (about 25% of cases) and more difficult to diagnose because it starts higher in the cervix.

It is estimated that more than 900 people were diagnosed with cervical cancer in 2022. The average age at diagnosis is 49 years old.

Precancerous changes in cervical cells rarely cause symptoms. The only way to know if there are abnormal cells that may develop into cancer is to have a cervical screening test. If early cell changes develop into cervical cancer, the most common signs include:

• vaginal bleeding between periods

• menstrual bleeding that is longer or heavier than usual

• pain during intercourse

• bleeding after intercourse

• pelvic pain

• a change in your vaginal discharge such as more discharge or it may have a strong or unusual color or smell

• vaginal bleeding after menopause.

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