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Do you have a headache or a stuffy nose or a chronic discharge from the back of your throat?

Rhinosinusitis means inflammation of the nasal mucosa and sinuses. The diagnosis of acute sinusitis is usually made when a common cold lasts for more than a week. Symptoms in acute sinusitis last less than a month.

What are the symptoms of acute sinusitis?

The main symptoms of acute sinusitis are purulent discharge from the nose, nasal congestion, purulent discharge from the back of the throat, pain and pressure in the face and sometimes fever, cough, headache, bad breath and even toothache.

How does chronic sinusitis develop?

Basically, any lesion that interferes with the natural discharge of sinus secretions (at the site of the sinus passage to the nose) leads to the accumulation of secretions and irreversible changes and thickening of the sinus mucosa, and mucous cilia whose job is to clean the respiratory mucosa. They fail and a vicious cycle develops and symptoms of chronic sinusitis appear.

How is chronic sinusitis treated?

It is best to eliminate predisposing factors first: quit smoking, control allergy symptoms, and treat gastroesophageal reflux. Appropriate antibiotic treatment should be prescribed for at least three weeks.

If there is no response to the above treatments, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is performed. Today, primary surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis is performed almost exclusively endoscopically.

Functional sinus endoscopic surgery (FESS):

rhinosinusitis ayhelth

The high prevalence of chronic sinusitis and other diseases of the nose and sinuses, increasing awareness of the physiopathology of sinusitis, as well as recent advances in FESS endoscopic devices have become a common surgical procedure.

In this operation, only the patient’s tissue and other anatomical areas that have problems are removed very precisely and delicately, and the ventilation of the sinuses is opened.

Diagnostic endoscopy of the nose and sinuses is usually performed under local anesthesia. Sometimes, due to the patient’s special condition or his young age, this is done under anesthesia and in the operating room.

In any case, in diagnostic endoscopy, the color and shape of the mucosa covering the nose, and its secretions, the condition of the sinus orifice, the presence and shape of the mass inside the nose or the sinus or back of the nose are considered.

Diagnostic endoscopic applications

CT scans (other than history and examination) are used to diagnose sinusitis. But sometimes we need diagnostic endoscopy of the nose and sinuses to diagnose chronic sinusitis or examine its complications.

Of course, nasal endoscopy is not only used in sinusitis, but also to diagnose a variety of chronic diseases, and benign and malignant masses of the nose or sinuses, as well as sampling.

Rhinosinusitis- sinuses – endoscopy- allergy- nose- endoscopic surgery- diagnose

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Cochlear implants are an electronic device that partially restores hearing. This can be an option for people who have severe hearing loss due to an inner ear injury and can no longer be helped by hearing aids.

Unlike hearing aids, which amplify sound, an implanted cochlear implant passes through the ear to transmit sound signals to the auditory (auditory) nerve.

The cochlear implant uses an audio processor located behind the ear. The processor picks up audio signals and sends them to a receiver implanted under the skin behind the ear. The receiver sends signals to electrodes implanted in the cochlea’s inner ear.

The signals stimulate the auditory nerve and then direct them to the brain. The brain interprets these signals as sound, although these sounds will not be exactly like normal hearing.

It takes time and training to learn to interpret the signals received from cochlear implants. During a year of use, most people with cochlear implants make significant gains in speech comprehension.

 in people with severe hearing loss

 And using hearing aids no longer helps them, it recovers.

Cochlear implants may be placed in one ear (unilateral) or both ears (bilateral). Cochlear implants in both ears have often been used to treat severe bilateral hearing loss.

Especially for babies and children who are learning to speak and process language.

Adults and children between the ages of six and 12 months can benefit from cochlear implants. People who have cochlear implants have been reported:

Ability to hear speech without the need for visual cues such as lip-reading

Recognize natural and everyday ambient sounds

Ability to listen in a noisy environment

Ability to listen to TV shows, music and telephone conversations

To be eligible for cochlear implants, you must have the following:

Before the operation

You or your child needs a thorough medical evaluation to determine if cochlear implantation is a good option. A doctor will do an evaluation, which may include the following:

Arrange hearing, speech and sometimes balance tests

Perform a physical exam to assess the health of your inner ear

During the procedure

Your surgeon makes an incision (incision) in the back of your ear, and makes a small hole in the part of the skull (mastoid) where the internal device is located.

Your surgeon then makes a small hole in the cochlea to thread the electrode into the internal device. The skin incision is sutured because the internal device is under your skin.

after surgery

You or your child may experience the following:

Pressure or discomfort on the implanted ear or ears

Dizziness or nausea

Most people feel good when they return home the day after surgery or the next day.

An audiologist will not turn on or activate the cochlear implant for about two to six weeks after your surgery – to give the surgical site a chance to heal.

Activation

To enable cochlear implantation, an audiologist:

Adjust the audio processor to suit you or your child

Examine the cochlear implant components to make sure they work

Identify the sounds you or your child are hearing

Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation involves training the brain to understand the sounds heard through cochlear implants. Everyday speech and ambient sounds will be different from what you remember.

Your brain needs time to recognize the meaning of these sounds. This process is ongoing and is best achieved by constantly wearing a speech processor during waking hours.

Results

The results of cochlear implant surgery vary from person to person.

For children, cochlear implants generally give the best results at a young age.

Some predicted results may include the following:

Clearer hearing Many people with hearing criteria for cochlear implants may eventually have clearer hearing using the device.

Improved tinnitus Although tinnitus is not the main reason for receiving cochlear implants,  may be somewhat suppressed during use. It can rarely make tinnitus worse.

14000$:The price of cochlear implants in Iran

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